Although traditional insect sprays and repellents have some effectiveness, entomologists have summarized a series of effective mosquito-repelling methods from a biological perspective.
1. Use a Breeze to Blow Away Mosquitoes
Various ultrasonic devices on the market, even those claiming to simulate dragonfly sounds, are minimally effective in repelling mosquitoes. In fact, natural wind or fans are more effective. Any breeze over 1.6 kilometers per hour makes it difficult for mosquitoes to fly. Staying in a breezy place can effectively prevent mosquito bites. Fans can significantly deter mosquitoes, but the airflow should be directed towards the lower part of the body since mosquitoes tend to fly close to the ground to avoid wind.
2. Avoid Mosquito Peak Activity Periods
Just like humans have regular meal times, mosquitoes also prefer certain times to feed, typically at dusk and dawn. This is because the breeze dissipates as the sun rises and sets, making these times more favorable for mosquitoes to feed. Staying indoors during early morning and late evening in the summer and fall can reduce your chances of being bitten.
3. Use Mosquito Repellent
DEET (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide) is a traditional mosquito repellent ingredient widely used in various products. It works by blocking mosquitoes’ carbon dioxide receptors. Although DEET can cause skin irritation or toxicity, adverse reactions are rare and usually occur only when ingested or sprayed directly into the nose.
Following the instructions, DEET is very effective. Instead of spraying it like perfume on the body and clothes, spray a small amount on your hands and apply it to ankles, elbows, wrists, forehead, and other thin-skinned areas prone to mosquito bites. The concentration of DEET is crucial; it determines the duration of effectiveness, not the strength. A concentration of 7% to 10% is sufficient for outdoor activities lasting 90 minutes or less. For longer periods, reapplication is necessary.
DEET concentrations should not exceed 30%. Alternatives to DEET include Picaridin, IR3535, lemon eucalyptus oil, 2-undecanone, and PMD, all recommended by the CDC. Picaridin, developed for military use, masks body odor, making the person “invisible” to mosquitoes.
4. Keep Your Body Cool
Some people are naturally more attractive to mosquitoes, often due to pheromones released by sweat. Keeping cool during peak mosquito activity times can reduce sweat and, consequently, mosquito bites.
5. Wear Tightly Woven Light-Colored Clothing
Mosquitoes use their vision to locate food sources during the day. They prefer dark clothing as it contrasts with the horizon. Light-colored clothes are less attractive. Additionally, tightly woven fabrics, especially high-tech sportswear, can prevent mosquito bites. UV-protective long sleeves and pants are also tightly woven enough to prevent mosquito bites.
6. Slow Down Your Heart Rate
Carbon dioxide is a key substance mosquitoes use to locate food sources. Increased heart rate leads to more carbon dioxide production. Activities that increase metabolic rate, like exercise, drinking alcohol, or eating spicy food, also increase carbon dioxide output, making you more attractive to mosquitoes. Wearing protective clothing or applying repellent can help if your heart rate is elevated.
7. Eliminate Standing Water
Mosquitoes breed in water, with larvae growing in water before emerging as adults. Without water, mosquitoes cannot reproduce. Eliminating standing water, such as in plant saucers, reduces mosquito breeding sites.
8. Plant Mosquito-Repelling Plants
Plants like citronella, lavender, lemongrass, marigold, and basil can repel mosquitoes. While these plants help reduce mosquito numbers, they are not 100% effective. Products like citronella candles and essential oils work only when their scent or smoke fills the space between people and mosquitoes.
9. Spray Insecticides
If mosquitoes are dense around your home, professional insecticide spraying in the yard can greatly reduce their numbers. Mosquito traps, which use light, heat, or scent to attract mosquitoes, have limited effectiveness and can’t capture all mosquitoes.
10. Avoid Scented Products
Avoiding scented perfumes, lotions, or soaps can reduce your attractiveness to mosquitoes. Although difficult for some, it is worth trying to lower the chance of mosquito bites.
